Nickel chloride (NiCl₂) is a heavy metal that may affect the function of the thyroid. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements involved in thyroid hormone metabolism. However, little is reported about thyrotoxicity during gestation. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of selenium and zinc against NiCl₂-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Female rats were treated subcutaneously (s.c.) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, with NaCl 0.9% and served as control, NiCl₂ (100 mg/kg body weight (BW)) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), ZnCl₂ (20 mg/kg, s.c.), or both of them simultaneously. Oxidative stress parameters, thyroid biomarkers, and histopathological examination were evaluated. Results showed that NiCl₂ exposure caused a significant decrease in maternal body weight and an increase in absolute and relative thyroid weight compared to the controls. NiCl₂ administration also led to decreased plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) with a concomitant significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels when compared to that of control. In addition, an overall pro-oxidant effect was associated with a decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) and nonprotein thiol (NPSH) contents and the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). These biochemical disturbances were confirmed by histological changes. However, the co-treatment of Se and/or ZnCl₂ attenuates NiCl₂-induced changes. Our findings suggested that Se and ZnCl₂ ameliorated NiCl₂-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats by exhibiting antioxidant effects.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) compounds are potent toxicants commonly used in numerous industries. Thus, potential toxic effects and health hazards are of high relevance. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are known for their antioxidant and chemoprotective properties. However, little is known about their protective effects against CrVI-induced renal damage during pregnancy. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the protective efficacy of these two essential elements against potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar Albino rats. Female rats were divided into control and four treated groups of six each receiving subcutaneously on the 3rd day of pregnancy, K₂Cr₂O₇ (10 mg/kg, s.c. single dose) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c. single dose), ZnCl₂ (20 mg/kg, s.c. single dose) or both of them simultaneously. The nephrotoxic effects were monitored by the evaluation of plasma renal parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage, and renal Cr content. The obtained results showed that K₂Cr₂O₇ disturbed renal biochemical markers, induced oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in kidney tissues, and altered renal histoarchitecture. The co-administration of Se and/or ZnCl₂ has exhibited pronounced chelative, antioxidant, and genoprotective effects against K₂Cr₂O₇-induced renal damage and attenuated partially the histopathological alterations. These results suggest that Se and Zn can be used as efficient nephroprotective agents against K₂Cr₂O₇-induced toxicity in pregnant Wistar Albino rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of zinc (Zn) against hexavalent chromium-induced hepatotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Female rats were treated subcutaneously (s.c) on the 3 rd day of pregnancy, with NaCl 0.9 % and served as control, K₂Cr₂O7 (10 mg/kg bw) alone, or K₂Cr₂O7 in association with ZnCl2 (20 mg/kg bw). Hepatic biochemical parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers and DNA damage were monitored. Results revealed that K₂Cr₂O7 disturbed plasma ALT, AST, ALP and GGT, induced hepatic oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation. The co-treatment with Zn has alleviated K2Cr2O7-induced hepatotoxicity by exhibiting antioxidant and genoprotective effects in pregnant Wistar rats.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is an environmental pollutant and an endocrine-disrupting metal. Se and Zn are essential trace elements, known to play a crucial role in thyroid homeostasis. However, there is a lack of data reporting thyrotoxicity during gestation. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of selenium and zinc against potassium dichromate–induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were divided into control and four treated groups receiving subcutaneously (s.c) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, K₂Cr₂O₇ (10 mg/kg, s.c) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c), ZnCl₂ (20 mg/kg, s.c), or both of them simultaneously. The hormonal profile, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage, and histological modifications were evaluated. Our main findings showed that K₂Cr₂O₇ promoted hypothyroidism, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histological alterations in the thyroid gland. The co-treatment with Se or ZnCl₂ has mitigated K₂Cr₂O₇-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats by exhibiting antioxidant and genoprotective effects. However, the combined co-treatment of both of them was less thyroprotective, and therefore, further investigations on the synergetic interaction of Se and Zn against CrVI toxicity using different doses and exposure routes are required.

Nickel chloride (NiCl₂) is a heavy metal that may affect the function of the thyroid. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements involved in thyroid hormone metabolism. However, little is reported about thyrotoxicity during gestation. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of selenium and zinc against NiCl₂-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Female rats were treated subcutaneously (s.c.) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, with NaCl 0.9% and served as control, NiCl₂ (100 mg/kg body weight (BW)) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), ZnCl₂ (20 mg/kg, s.c.), or both of them simultaneously. Oxidative stress parameters, thyroid biomarkers, and histopathological examination were evaluated. Results showed that NiCl₂ exposure caused a significant decrease in maternal body weight and an increase in absolute and relative thyroid weight compared to the controls. NiCl₂ administration also led to decreased plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) with a concomitant significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels when compared to that of control. In addition, an overall pro-oxidant effect was associated with a decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) and nonprotein thiol (NPSH) contents and the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). These biochemical disturbances were confirmed by histological changes. However, the co-treatment of Se and/or ZnCl₂ attenuates NiCl₂-induced changes. Our findings suggested that Se and ZnCl₂ ameliorated NiCl₂-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats by exhibiting antioxidant effects.

Nickel Is A Heavy Metal That May Affect The Function Of The Thyroid. The Present Study Was Undertaken To Assess The Protective Effects Of Selenium And Zinc Against Nickel-induced Thyrotoxicity In Preimplanted Wistar Albino Rats. Nickel Is Administered Alone (100 Mg/kg Body Weight) Subcutaneously Or In Combination With Selenium (0.3 Mg/kg Body Weight) Either With Zinc (20 Mg/kg Body Weight) Or Combined With Both Selenium And Zinc. All Groups Of Rats Were Injected On Day 3 Of Gestation In The Pre-implantation Period. Exposure Of Rats To Nickel Caused A Significant Decrease In Maternal Body Weight On Days 6 And 20 Of Gestation And An Increase In Absolute And Relative Thyroid Weight Compared To The Controls. Nickel Treatment Was Also Led In Decreased Plasma Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine With A Concomitant Significant Increase In Thyroid-stimulating Hormone Levels When Compared To Control. These Changes Were Confirmed By Histological Damages. However, Co-administration Of Selenium And/or Zinc To Nickel-treated Rats Restored The Hormonal And Histological Aspects. Our Findings Suggested That Selenium And Zinc Ameliorated Nickel Induced Thyroid Damage.

: The aim of this study was to investigate that nickel chloride (NiCl2) induced reproductive toxicity in pre- implanted Wistar Rats and examined the possible protective effect of zinc chloride and selenium on plasma concentration of the hormones of 17 b etradiol (E2) and progesterone (prog); on the reproductive organ’s histology and on development. Experimental results showed the subcutaneous (s.c) administration of Nicl2 to Wistar albino Rats induced a decrease in plasma concentration of E2 and prog in addition, disturbance in development parameters and structural damages to the histology of the reproductive organs. Conversely, Se and ZnCl2 dues to the antioxidants property, regulate the secretion of E2 and Prog hormones, prevent alterations in the reproductive organs and in development in preimplanted rates receiving NiCl2.

The aim of this work is the phytochemical study of the butanolic extract of the aerial parts of Veronica rosea. Four compounds 1–4 have been isolated using different chromatographic methods. The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR spectral analysis and mass spectroscopy. The adsorption and anticorrosion effects of this extract were investigated towards the corrosion of copper in 1 M HNO₃ aqueous by the weight loss technique and potentiodynamic polarization. The results showed that the butanolic extract is a good inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing of concentration of the inhibitor. The adsorption of this extract on the copper specimen surface was spontaneous and obeyed the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. Large value of adsorption equilibrium Constant (K _ads = 35 L g⁻¹) was obtained. The polarization experiments confirmed the data obtained by gravimetric weight-loss. Tafel plot of polarization curves indicates that the extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor.

Researches carried out in the past years allowed to list an entomofauna that lives on the apricot orchards, Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosales Rosaceae), in Ouled Si Slimane (Batna Department, Algeria). The investigated period was from October 2014 until May 2015. The sampling techniques used were: hunting in sight, barber pots, colorful traps, entomological umbrella and the filleting net. We have identified a total of 125 species divided into 9 orders and 54 families in which Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were quantitatively represented. The phytophagous were the most present. Its Shannon Value exceeds 4.5 Bits and indicates a Specific Richness of the insects and diversification of ecological niches in this kind of fauna.

This study investigated insect diversity of olive (Olea europaea Linnaeus (Oleaceae)) groves grown in arid and semiarid climates in northeastern Algeria. Using several sampling techniques, a total of 1326 insect specimens were collected and identified into 151 species, 124 genera, 65 families, and 10 orders. Hymenoptera and Coleoptera were quantitatively the most abundant, whereas the dominant functional feeding groups were phytophages then predators. The entomofauna included several olive pests such as Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), Parlatoria oleae (Colvée) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), Euphyllura olivina (Costa) (Hemiptera: Liviidae), and Liothrips oleae Costa (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Although insect diversity parameters recorded for both observed and expected species richness were higher in olive groves grown under semiarid compared with arid climate, the completeness rate of species richness obtained using the nonparametric incidence estimators was higher in arid olive groves. Generalised linear models showed that the number of individuals and species richness varied significantly between climates (P < 0.01), whereas the variation of the rest of diversity parameters was not significant. Diversity traits of insect assemblage of each climatic region were positively correlated. Besides, the Mantel permutation test revealed similar patterns (r = 0.91, P < 0.0001) between correlation matrices of the two climates. When increasing the number of samples, species richness extrapolation revealed that diversity is expected to increase by 130% in olive groves grown under arid climate and 93% in semiarid climate. These increases are related to continuous appearance of rare and scarce insects as demonstrated by species rarefaction curves. Even with high evenness values of insect communities, similarity was low between climate indicating the rarity and scarcity of populations.

The aim of this work is the phytochemical study of the butanolic extract of the aerial parts of Veronica rosea. Four compounds 1–4 have been isolated using different chromatographic methods. The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR spectral analysis and mass spectroscopy. The adsorption and anticorrosion effects of this extract were investigated towards the corrosion of copper in 1 M HNO₃ aqueous by the weight loss technique and potentiodynamic polarization. The results showed that the butanolic extract is a good inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing of concentration of the inhibitor. The adsorption of this extract on the copper specimen surface was spontaneous and obeyed the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. Large value of adsorption equilibrium Constant (K _ads = 35 L g⁻¹) was obtained. The polarization experiments confirmed the data obtained by gravimetric weight-loss. Tafel plot of polarization curves indicates that the extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor.

Introduction: The aim of this work is to establish an epidemiological approach of aplastic anemia (AA) in Algeria, to identify the different therapeutic strategy and the patients outcomes.

Material and methods: This is a retrospective multi-center epidemiological study over 10 years (from 01 January 2007 to 31 December 2016). The source of information is represented by the medical files and the consultation sheets. The collection of information is ensured by the fact sheets established and distributed to the departments Hematology and Pediatrics at the national level.

Results: A total of 844 cards were received, concerning 844 patients including 746 adults and 94 children. The overall incidence of the disease is 0.21, it varies from 0.16 to 0.28 / 100000 inhabitants / year depending on the year. The average age is 34.7 years with extremes ranging from 1 month to 91 years, the sex ratio (M / F) is 1 (420/424). In adults there is a slight male predominance: sex ratio is 1.11 (421/378). AA is acquired in 806 patients (95.4%) and congenital in 38 patients (4.6%). Among the acquired AA: idiopathic = 694 (86.1%), toxic = 18 (2.23%), viral: 17 (2.1%): HBV = 13, HCV = 3, HIV = 1, drug = 13 (1.6%), gestational = 9, (1.1%), hematopoietic tuberculosis = 1. The presence of an HPN clone in 55 out of 261 patients studied was 21%, associated with a dysimmunitary disease = 5. In congenital AM, Fanconi anemia = 35, Blackfand-Diamond = 2, congenital dyskeratosis = 1. The prognostic classification according to the Camitta criteria and the EBMT criterion: out of 540 evaluable records found: very severe = 83 (15.3%), severe = 291 (53.8%), moderate = 166 (30.7%). CsA-SAL reference immunosuppressive therapy was instituted in only 49 pts (13.1%) with severe and very severe forms. It resulted in a hematologic response in 18 patients (36.5%), 15 patients died and 16 patients were probably lost to follow-up. Three hundred and twenty-seven pts (38.7%) received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant at CPMC (n = 316) and EHU (n = 11); = 277), Fanconi anemia (n = 44), amgacaryocytosis in its aplastic form (n = 3), erythroblastopenia in aplastic form (n = 2), untagged constitutional medullary aplasia (n = 1). As of 31/12/2016: 344 pts are alive, 208 died, 194 lost sight of and 98 pts whose fate is not specified on the cards.

Conclusion: AA is a rare , the incidence is 0.2 / 100000 inhabitants / year. It affects young adults with a slight male predominance in adults, idiopathic forms are in the foreground and severe forms predominat

Disclosures

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introduction : Among genetic diseases in hematology, β Thalassemia ranks second after sickle cell disorders in Algeria. Given the seriousness and cost of the care that arises, a national action plan is needed. As a starting point, a national survey is essential to know the epidemiological situation of this disease.

Objective : To determine the soci-demographic, diagnosis and evolution characteristics of major and intermediate thalassemia in Algeria.

Materiels and Methods : This is a multicenter, retrospective, analytical study of 775 patients with thalassemia major (TM: 598 cases) and intermediate (TI: 177 cases). This national survey is representative of 21 services (Hematology: 19, Pediatrics: 03). The data was collected from medical records on a survey card distributed to all relevant services.

Results : As of January 1, 2017, the prevalence of β Thalassemia estimated from this study is of the order of 3.47 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. The current average age of major thalassemia (MT) is 17.90 years, with extremes of [1-44 years], that of intermediate form (IT) is 23 years old with extremes of [1-61 years], the sex ratio is 1.15. The concept of consanguinity is specified in 499 patients and is present in 49.30% of cases, the geographical origin of patients is variable, 53% are from the center of the country and 43% from the east. The circumstances of the diagnosis are known in 87.25% of subjects, these are clinical symptoms in 93.91% of patients, with an average age at diagnosis of 16.31 months for MT and 5.5 years for IT. The diagnosis is neonatal in only 5.68% of cases. Blood cells transfusion needs are known in 80% of our cohort, 86% receive a systematic and regular diet; 554 patients are on chelation therapy, the main modality being deferoxamine or Deferasirox type monotherapy. 40 MT patients received Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation. The monitoring of iron overload was based mainly on the determination of ferritinemia, only 8.8% of patients received cardiac and hepatic MRI. Various complications associated with iron overload have been reported, the most common being: Hepatic injury (48%), heart disease (36%), diabetes (30%), hypothyroidism (29.17). %), with average ages of onset of 26.67, 18, 19, and 14.50 years, respectively. In addition, viral serology was performed in 536 patients, 64 (11.9%) of whom were carriers of anti-HCV Ab.

Conclusion : The quality and life expectancy of thalassemic patients has improved significantly in recent years; complications related to iron overload remain the leading cause of death, the means of evaluation remain insufficient in our country. In addition, the care of our patients must be standardized on the national territory.

Disclosures

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.