2020
MCHEBILA.
Generalized markovian consideration of common cause failures in the performance assessment of safety instrumented systems. Process Safety and Environmental Protection [Internet]. 2020;2018 (141(9) : 28-36. .
Publisher's VersionAbstractAiming to provide a generalized method for assessing the performance of safety instrumented systems with a flexible and accurate consideration of the common cause failures’ contribution. This paper is devoted to the development of a direct way to generate the transition rate matrix associated with the continuous-time Markov model of any typical KooN architecture using any parametric model. Such a choice is considered after a detailed comparison of the ability of several dependability methods (e.g., fault trees, reliability block diagrams, Markov models, Bayesian networks, etc) to provide simple representations and genuine results in this context. To validate the developed method, the unavailability and the unconditional failure intensity of a wide range of configurations are quantified using the Binomial Failure Rate model and compared to those of the complete fault tree implementation.
HADEF H, DJEBABRA M.
Using Fuzzy-Improved Principal Component Analysis (PCA-IF) for Ranking of Major Accident Scenarios. Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering, [Internet]. 2020;(Vol. 45) :pp. 2235-2245.
Publisher's VersionAbstractThe industrial risk mapping is a topical problem in the field of risk management that attracts many researchers to develop risk matrices to ensure consultation between their actors. In this context, this paper aims to propose the principal component analysis (PCA) method as support for this consultation. Indeed, the use of PCA method is justified by its robustness for aggregate initial data associated with industrial risks as principal factors and ranking of this risk in terms of their criticalities in risk matrices. However, the aggregation of initial data on industrial risks by the main factors, in some cases, leads to inaccuracies which make it difficult to classify certain risks. This paper proposes two variants of PCA method to solve this inaccuracy and succeeds in classifying risks according to their respective criticalities, namely PCA-Improved (PCA-I) and PCA-I-Fuzzy (PCA-IF). The results come from the PCA application and its proposed variants (PCA-I and PCA-IF) on an example of accident scenarios ranking. We have established a scientific basis for the capitalization of mapping tool for consultation and decision support to industrial risk managers.
HADEF H, NEGROU B, GONZALEZ-AVUSO T, DJBABRA M, RAMADAN M.
Preliminary hazard identification for risk assessment on a complex system for hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, [Internet]. 2020;(45(20) :11855-11865.
Publisher's VersionAbstractRenewable power generation facilities are constantly expanding due to the expected depletion of fossil fuels and the increasingly demanding policy of pollution control. Having said that, hydrogen is one of the promising energy sources. That said, hydrogen chain safety is an unescapable parameter that should continuously coexist with the development of hydrogen domain. In this context, this article presents a contribution to the risk analysis and evaluation of a complex hydrogen production system 'EGA-9000′ at CIEMAT (Centre for Research on Energy, Environment and Technology - Madrid, Spain). The methodology followed in this study revolves around the risk analysis process through a FAST (Functional Analysis System Technique) functional analysis method and a HAZOP (HAZard and Operability) dysfunctional analysis method. The evaluation of the thirty-three scenarios identified by the risk analysis shows that the studied system is insecure. Indeed, five scenarios at an unacceptable level of risk. And it is noted that the risk of fire and explosion is the major risk for all scenarios studied. To this end, safety measures (recommendation) have been proposed based on the weaknesses detected by the risk analysis carried out.
HADEF H, DJEBABRA M.
A conceptual framework for risk matrix capitalization. Int J SystAssurEngManag. 2020, [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstractResearch on risk matrices show that there is considerable diversity in the practice of designing risk matrices. This has led to serious problems of standardization and communication. Indeed, these problems affect at the same time on the development of matrices and in their exploitation in term of risk assessment. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an experience feedback method that aims to capitalize the feedback invariants resulting from the analysis of existing risk matrices. This capitalization allows developing a theoretical framework of the robust risk matrices design. The application of the proposed method for examples of matrices confirms the interest of articulating these risk matrices designs through an argument based on experience feedback. In this sense, the merit of the proposed experience feedback method is that it promotes the sharing of knowledge between the actors involved in a risk assessment.
BELMAZOUZI Y, DJBABRA M, HADEF H.
Contribution to the ageing control of on shore oil and gas fields. Petroleum, 2020, [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
The ageing of the Algerian oil and gas (O&G) installations has led to many incidents. Such installations are over 30 years old (life cycle) and still in operation. To deal with this O&G crucial problem, the Algerian authorities have launched a rehabilitation and modernization schedule of these installations. Within the framework of this program, many audit operations are initiated to elaborate a general diagnosis of the works to be performed while optimizing production. In other words, industrial ageing risks shall be controlled.
In the process safety management (PSM) context, the aim of this paper is to study ageing problem of the Algerian industrial installations through proposed indicators. Their prioritization adjusted by (TOPSIS) Technique for Order-Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method which allows identification of ageing control solutions of Algerian onshore fields.
BOURARECHE M, NAIT-SAID R, Zidani F, OUAZRAOUI N.
Improving barrier and operational risk analysis (BORA) using criticality importance analysis case study: oil and gas separator. World Journal of Engineering, Vol. ahead-of-print. 2020, [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to show the impact of operational and environmental conditions (risk influencing factors) on the component criticality of safety barriers, safety barrier performance and accidents frequency and therefore on risk levels.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodology focuses on the integration of criticality importance analysis in barrier and operational risk analysis method, abbreviated as BORA-CIA. First, the impact of risk influencing factors (RIFs) associated with basic events on safety barrier performance and accident frequency is studied, and then, a risk evaluation is performed. Finally, how unacceptable risks can be mitigated regarding risk criteria is analyzed.
Findings
In the proposed approach (BORA-CIA), the authors show how specific installation conditions influence risk levels and analyze the prioritization of components to improve safety barrier performance in oil and gas process.
Practical implications
The proposed methodology seems to be a powerful tool in risk decision. Ordering components of safety barriers taking into account RIFs allow maintenance strategies to be undertaken according to the real environment far from average data. Also, maintenance costs would be estimated adequately.
Originality/value
In this paper, an improved BORA method is developed by incorporating CIA. More precisely, the variability of criticality importance factors of components is used to analyze the prioritization of maintenance actions in an operational
DERRADJI R, HAMZI R.
Multi-criterion analysis based on integrated process-risk optimization J. ournal of Engineering, Design and Technology , Vol. ahead-of-print 2020, [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose a process optimization approach showing how organizations are able to achieve sustainable and efficient process optimization, based on integrated process-risk analysis using several criteria to a better decision-making.
Design/methodology/approach
Several approaches are used (functional/dysfunctional) to analyze how processes work and how to deal with risks forming multi-criteria decision-making. In addition, a risk factor is integrated into the structured analysis and design techniques (SADT) method forming a novel graphical view SADT-RISK; it identifies process’s failures using the traditional failure modes, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) and economic consideration “failure mode and effect, criticality analysis-cost FMECA-C” making a multi-criterion matrix for better decision-making. Subsequently, some recommendations are proposed to overcome the failure.
Findings
This paper illustrates a methodology with a case study in a company, which has a leading brand in the market in Algeria. The authors are integrating a varied portfolio of approaches linking with each other to analyze, improve and optimize the processes in terms of reliability and safety to deal with risks; reduce the complexity of the systems; increase the performance; and achieve a safer process. However, the proposed method can be readily used in practice.
Originality/value
The paper provides a new approach based on integrated management using new elements as an innovative contribution, forming a novel graphical view SADT-RISK; it identifies process’s failures using the traditional FMECA and economic consideration “a new multi-criterion matrix for better decision-making and using the SWOT analysis – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats – as a balance to decide about the process improvement”. The authors conclude that this methodology is oriented and applicable to different types of companies such as financial, health and industrial as illustrated by this case study.
RAHMOUNI S, SMAIL R.
A design approach towards sustainable buildings in Algeria. ", Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, Vol. ahead-of-print. 2020, [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to achieve the national strategic agenda’s criteria that aim for accomplishing sustainable buildings by estimating the effects of energy efficiency measures in order to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emission.
Design/methodology/approach
A design approach has been developed based on simulation software and a modeled building. Therefore, a typical office building is considered for testing five efficiency measures in three climatic conditions in Algeria. This approach is conducted in two phases: first, the analysis of each measure’s effect is independently carried out in terms of cooling energy and heating energy intensities. Then, a combination of optimal measures for each climate zone is measured in terms of three sustainable indicators: final energy consumption, energy cost saving and CO2 emission.
Findings
The results reveal that a combination of optimal measures has a substantial impact on building energy saving and CO2 emission. This saving can rise to 41 and 31 percent in a hot and cold climate, respectively. Furthermore, it is concluded that obtaining higher building performance, different design alternatives should be adapted to the climate proprieties and the local construction materials must be applied.
Originality/value
This study is considered as an opportunity for achieving the national strategy, as it may contribute in improving office building performance and demonstrating a suitable tool to assist stakeholders in the decision making of most important parameters in the design stage for new or retrofit buildings.
SI-MOHAMMED A, SMAIL R, MCHEBILA.
Decision making under uncertainty in the alarm systems response. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, ahead-of-print. 2020. [Internet]. 2020.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an advanced decision-making support for the appropriate responding to critical alarms in the hazardous industrial facilities.
Design/methodology/approach
A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is suggested by considering three alternatives and four criteria using triangular fuzzy numbers to handle the associated uncertainty. A logarithmic fuzzy preference programming (LFPP)-based nonlinear priority method is employed to analyze the suggested model.
Findings
A quantitative decision-making support is not only a necessity in responding to critical alarms but also easy to implement even in a relatively short reaction time. Confirmation may not be the appropriate option to deal with a critical alarm, even with the availability of the needed resources.
Practical implications
A situation related to a flammable gas alarm in a gas plant is treated using the developed model showing its practical efficiency and practicality.
Originality/value
The proposed model provides a rational, simple and holistic fuzzy multi criteria tool with a refined number of criteria and alternatives using an LFPP method
to handle process alarms.
2019
OUAZRAOUI N, NAIT-SAID R.
An alternative approach to safety integrity level determination: results from a case study, . International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management [Internet]. 2019;2019 (36(10):) :1784-1803.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to validate a fuzzy risk graph model through a case study results carried out on a safety instrumented system (SIS).
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed model is based on an inference fuzzy system and deals with uncertainty data used as inputs of the conventional risk graph method. The coherence and redundancy of the developed fuzzy rules base are first verified in the case study. A new fuzzy model is suggested for a multi-criteria characterization of the avoidance possibility parameter. The fuzzy safety integrity level (SIL) is determined for two potential accident scenarios.
Findings
The applicability of the proposed fuzzy model on SIS shows the importance and pertinence of the proposed fuzzy model as decision-making tools in preventing industrial hazards while taking into consideration uncertain aspects of the data used on the conventional risk graph method. The obtained results show that the use of continuous fuzzy scales solves the problem of interpreting results and provides a more flexible structure to combine risk graph parameters. Therefore, a decision is taken on the basis of precise integrity level values and protective actions in the real world are suggested.
Originality/value
Fuzzy logic-based safety integrity assessment allows assessment of the SIL in a more realistic way by using the notion of the linguistic variable for representing information that is qualitative and imprecise and, therefore, ensures better decision making on risk prevention.
HADEF H, DJEBABRA M, SEDRAT L, TAGHLABET M.
Contribution to the evaluation of safety barriers performance. World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development [Internet]. 2019;2019 (16(1) :56-68.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The risk control is an unavoidable step in the risk management process. It is materialized by concrete actions of risks reduction in order to decrease their likelihood and/or their severity and also to preserve the environment. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
The main goal of the proposed methodology is to define the safety barriers (SB) that can be realized and their contribution to reduce major accidents scenarios that may occur in high-risk establishments.
Findings
In the proposed methodology, the authors present a combination of methods to prove the effectiveness of SB in an industrial installation.
Practical implications
The proposed methodology is a valuable help to industrialists to secure their industrial activities and preserve the environment at the same time.
Originality/value
The retained methods are often used separately for audit purposes or risk assessments of high-risk industrial facilities. In this paper, three methods have been selected and articulated in an approach for a better evaluation of risk control level.
HADEF H, DJBABRA M.
Proposal method for the classification of industrial accident scenarios based on the improved principal components analysis (improved PCA). Prod. Eng. Res. Devel [Internet]. 2019;2019 (13) :53–60.
Publisher's VersionAbstractUsing a risk matrix for Risk mapping constitutes the basis of risk management strategy. It aims to classify the identified risks with regards to their management and control. This risk classification, which is based on the frequency and the severity dimensions, is often carried out according to a procedure founded on experts’ judgments. In order to overcome the subjectivity bias of this classification, this paper presents the contribution of the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) method: an exploratory method for graphing risks based on factors that allow a better visualized classification of scenarios accidents. Still, the commonly encountered problem in the data classified by the PCA method resides in the main factors of classification; we judged useful to frame these letters by an algebraic formulation to make an improvement of this classification possible. The obtained results show that the suggested method is a promising alternative to solve the recurring problems of risk matrices, notably in accident scenarios’ classification.
SMAIAH M, DJBABRA M, BOUBAKER L.
Proposal for a new method for analyzing the domino effect in an oil refinery and its impact on the environment. Management of Environmental Quality [Internet]. 2019;2019 (30(5) :910-924.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new managerial method to integrate the environmental dimension in the domino effects (DEs) analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed method is a three-step approach: identification of primary hazards in the form of potential events causing the DE, a mixed quantification (deterministic and probabilistic) of the risk of the DEs with a view to its control and capitalizing the results from the BLEVESOFT software as well as those relating to the probability of occurrence of the DEs in the form of a prioritized action plan dedicated to surrounding environments (proximity territory).
Findings
The primary hazards are technologically manageable at the studied system but are unpredictable if triggered at the environmental subsystem because they are difficult to be managed and often cause panic, which is a form of a very catastrophic DE.
Research limitations/implications
The research could affect members of the engineering and construction industry, and can be applied in several domains since it studies the DE phenomenon. which is a common problem especially in industrials plants.
Practical implications
The proposal method is applied in an industrial terminal in Algeria.
Originality/value
This paper presents an exploratory study of using a new managerial method that aims to combine the potentialities of geomatic sciences that allow the spatial representation of nearby territories to assess the severity of DEs through a deterministic approach, and the modeling of DEs as well as their analysis by a probabilistic approach.
BOUGHABA A, ABERKANE S, FOURAR Y, DJBABRA M.
Study of safety culture in healthcare institutions: case of an Algerian hospital. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance [Internet]. 2019;2019 (32(7) :1081-1097.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
For many years, the concept of safety culture has attracted researchers from all over the world, and more particularly in the area of healthcare services. The purpose of this paper is to measure safety culture dimensions in order to improve and promote healthcare in Algeria.
Design/methodology/approach
The used approach consists of getting a better understanding of healthcare safety culture (HSC) by measuring the perception of healthcare professionals in order to guide promotion actions. For this, the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was used in a pilot hospital setting where it was distributed on a number of 114 health professionals chosen by stratified random sampling.
Findings
The results showed that the identified priority areas for HSC improvement help in establishing a trust culture and a non-punitive environment based on the system and not on the individual.
Originality/value
Safety is recognized as a key aspect of service quality, thus measuring the HSC can help establish an improvement plan. In Algerian health facilities, this study is considered the first to examine perceptions in this particular area. The current results provide a baseline of strengths and opportunities for healthcare safety improvement, allowing the managers of this type of facilities to take steps that are more effective.
SAADI S, DJEBABRA M, ROUDIES O, BOULAGOUAS W.
Contribution of the three-dimensional model to the reliability allocation of multiphase systems", , 2019, :. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management [Internet]. 2019;2019 (36(7) :1038-1052.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to deal with the allocation requirements of the dependability of the multiphase systems.
Design/methodology/approach
It consists of a proposal for a combined methodology based on the simultaneous use of decomposition systems and reliability allocation method.
Findings
In the developed methodology, the authors use the principles of risk assessment and propose a new formulation of weight allowance with reference to the structural‒functional dependence.
Practical implications
The suggested methodology provides invaluable help to implementation process analysis.
Originality/value
The adopted allocation approach is based on the use of a three-dimensional model: temporal, structural and functional decomposition of systems.
HADEF H, DJEBABRA M.
PCA-I and AHP Methods: Unavoidable Arguments in Accident Scenario Classification. J Fail. Anal. and Preven [Internet]. 2019;2019 (19) :496–503.
Publisher's VersionAbstractRisk mapping is the foundation of the risk prevention strategy. It allows for the understanding of all factors that may affect the activities. It is a collective decision based on negotiation between the actors. Argument-based negotiation accelerates the negotiation process and converges it toward a final and common decision. It is in this context that this paper aims to illustrate the contribution of the improved PCA and AHP tools, considered as arguments, to the classification of major accident risks.
2018
MCHEBILA.
Simultaneous evaluation of safety integrity’s performance indicators with a generalized implementation of common cause failures. Process Safety and Environmental Protection [Internet]. 2018;2018 (117(7) :214-222.
Publisher's VersionAbstractThe average unavailability and the average unconditional failure intensity of safety-instrumented systems represent the main performance indicators of safety integrity. This paper employs an approach based on the exploitation of the availability expression to obtain both performance measures in a simultaneous and straightforward way for any KooN configuration. The implementation of such an approach is generalized to take into account the contribution of common cause failures using any parametric model. The validation of the obtained results is verified through their application using several architectures and using Beta Factor and Binomial Failure Rate models to handle such type of dependent events. Therefore, the contribution of this paper lies in proposing one single formula that can be used to estimate the two main safety integrity’s performance indicators for any KooN architecture using any kind of common cause failures parametric model.
SELLAMI I, NAIT-SAID R, CHETEHOUNA K, IZARRA C, Zidani F.
Quantitative consequence analysis using Sedov-Taylor blast wave model. Part II: Case study in an Algerian gas industry. Process Safety and Environmental Protection [Internet]. 2018;2018 (116(5) :771-779.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
In the oil and gas industry, it is common to use gas liquefaction that allows storage and transport of large quantities of LNG and LPG. One of the main disadvantages of this storage mode is the BLEVE risk, which remains a major concern for risk decision-makers. In order to prevent the occurrence of this risk and reduce its impact, risk analysts often use quantitative risk analysis (QRA), which is based on the understanding and quantification of the accidental phenomena and their consequences (overpressure, thermal radiation, toxicity dose). QRA is a rigorous and advanced approach that requires reliable data in order to obtain a good estimate and control of risks. The main objective of this paper (Part II) is to integrate the Sedov-Taylor model developed in Part I into the QRA approach in order to evaluate BLEVE blast effect, and illustrate it with a case study on a pressurized LPG accumulator located in the MPP3-plant of SONATRACH company in the Hassi R'Mel gas field (the largest gas field in Algeria). A parametric analysis of the fuel mass, temperature at failure and rupture pressure is carried out to study their influence on the evolution of BLEVE overpressure. In addition, the evaluation of BLEVE thermal effect is performed in order to better realize an exhaustive QRA. Through this application, the results show the great relevance of the Sedov-Taylor model in the consequence analysis and also in the development of process safety recommendations.
SELLAMI I, NAIT-SAID R, IZARRA C, CHETEHOUNA K, Zidani F.
Quantitative consequence analysis using Sedov-Taylor blast wave model. Part I: Model description and validation. Process Safety and Environmental Protection [Internet]. 2018;2018 (116(5) :763-770.
Publisher's Version SELLAMI I, MANESCAU B, CHETEHOUNA K, IZARRA C, NAIT-SAID R, Zidani F.
BLEVE fireball modeling using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) in an Algerian gas industry. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries [Internet]. 2018;2018 (54(7) :69-84.
Publisher's VersionAbstract
BLEVE is one of major accidents observed in gas industry causing severe damage to people and environment. Its effects are manifested in three ways: shock wave propagation, fireball radiation and fragments projection. To assess these effects, risk decision-makers often use Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA). In most cases, QRA data are obtained from empirical correlations. However, these correlations are not very satisfactory because they generally overestimate BLEVE effects and do not take into account geometry effects. In order to overcome the limitations of these empirical approaches, CFD modeling appears as a powerful tool able to provide more accurate data to better realize QRA. In this paper, the objective is to develop a CFD methodology in order to predict BLEVE thermal effects. Numerical simulations are carried out using the CFD code FDS. A sensitivity analysis of numerical models is performed in order to choose the right parameters allowing to model the fireball dynamics. The models retained are based on a single-step combustion using EDC model coupled with a LES turbulence model. Predictions show good agreement in comparison with results issued from three large-scale experiments. Furthermore, a case study on a propane accumulator in an Algerian gas processing unit is carried out.
