@mastersthesis {5698,
	title = {La limite Cr{\'e}tac{\'e}/ Tertiaire dans la r{\'e}gion de Menaa : caract{\'e}risation pal{\'e}ontologique et s{\'e}dimentologique},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Baaguigui  Samra and Rahmoun Aicha}
}
@mastersthesis {5694,
	title = {Le C{\'e}nomanien de Chaabet Ouled Chelih : S{\'e}dimentologie et pal{\'e}oenvironnements (L\&rsquo;ensemble Aur{\`e}s-Bellezma).},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Khouaked Khadidja and Rahmoune Amar}
}
@mastersthesis {5688,
	title = {Contribution {\`a} l\&rsquo;{\'e}tude hydrog{\'e}ologique de la vall{\'e}e de Manaa. W Batna},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Benabbes.L and Beda.S}
}
@mastersthesis {5687,
	title = {Contribution {\`a} l\&rsquo;{\'e}tude hydrog{\'e}ologique de la r{\'e}gion de Djamaa (W) El-Oued},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Labed.E and Harrouz.A}
}
@mastersthesis {5685,
	title = {Contribution {\`a} l\&rsquo;{\'e}tude du dimensionnement des p{\'e}rim{\`e}tres de protection du lac du barrage de fontaine des gazelles (Wilaya de Biskra).},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Reghais.A and Maachi.F}
}
@mastersthesis {5683,
	title = {Etude des sources thermomin{\'e}rales de la r{\'e}gion de S{\'e}tif dans leur contexte structural},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {Dans ce contexte, la pr{\'e}sente {\'e}tude vient se greffer {\`a} d{\textquoteright}autres travaux de recherche (m{\'e}moires de Magister et th{\`e}ses de Doctorat), et ce pour compl{\'e}ter les travaux entrepris d{\'e}j{\`a} dans ce domaine {\`a} travers les sources thermomin{\'e}rales de la Wilaya de S{\'e}tif. Les premi{\`e}res recherches scientifiques men{\'e}es sur les eaux thermales restent toujours d{\textquoteright}actualit{\'e} et pr{\'e}sentent un int{\'e}r{\^e}t ind{\'e}niable {\`a} plus d{\textquoteright}un titre. En effet ces {\'e}tudes bas{\'e}es sur des apports scientifiques sp{\'e}cialis{\'e}s, ont permis de comprendre le ph{\'e}nom{\`e}ne du thermalisme (qui a {\'e}t{\'e} jusqu{\textquoteright}a un pass{\'e} r{\'e}cent consid{\'e}r{\'e} par la population comme ph{\'e}nom{\`e}ne surnaturel) et de d{\'e}finir l{\textquoteright}origine des eaux dites thermales ainsi que leurs zones d{\textquoteright}alimentation et leurs processus d{\textquoteright}acquisition de la temp{\'e}rature et de la min{\'e}ralit{\'e}. A signaler que la r{\'e}gion d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude a fait l{\textquoteright}objet d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tudes g{\'e}ologiques par J.M Vila (1980) dans sa th{\`e}se de doctorat d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tat {\textquotedblleft}La chaine alpine d{\textquoteright}Alg{\'e}rie orientale et les confins alg{\'e}ro-tunisiens{\textquotedblright}, o{\`u} il a attribu{\'e} le caract{\`e}re d{\textquoteright}allochtonie. Nous avons pens{\'e} alors qu{\textquoteright}une {\'e}tude des sources thermales de la r{\'e}gion de S{\'e}tif pourra {\'e}tayer les r{\'e}sultats de la g{\'e}ophysique et infirmer ou confirmer le caract{\`e}re d{\textquoteright}allochtonie attribu{\'e} {\`a} cet ensemble. A partir de cela, nous allons essayer de mieux comprendre l{\textquoteright}origine des eaux dites thermomin{\'e}rales (Froides et chaudes) ainsi que leurs zones d{\textquoteright}alimentation et leurs processus d{\textquoteright}acquisition de la temp{\'e}rature et de la min{\'e}ralit{\'e} et d{\textquoteright}optimiser l{\textquoteright}interpr{\'e}tation des analyses physico-chimiques en utilisant des moyens d{\textquoteright}investigation appropri{\'e}s. Le programme d{\textquoteright}action pour la r{\'e}alisation de ce travail doit r{\'e}pondre aux pr{\'e}occupations suivantes : -Quel est l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tat actuel de la qualit{\'e} chimique des eaux souterraines de la r{\'e}gion {\'e}tudi{\'e}e -Quels sont les m{\'e}canismes physico-chimiques r{\'e}gissant l{\textquoteright}{\'e}volution des {\'e}l{\'e}ments chimiques dans le temps et dans l{\textquoteright}espace (processus d{\textquoteright}acquisition de la temp{\'e}rature et de la min{\'e}ralit{\'e})? -Quels sont les processus d{\textquoteright}acquisition des temp{\'e}ratures en profondeur des diff{\'e}rents points d{\textquoteright}eau chaude en utilisant des g{\'e}othermom{\`e}tres chimiques, comme indicateurs de la thermalit{\'e} des gisements d{\textquoteright}eaux. Afin de r{\'e}pondre {\`a} ces pr{\'e}occupations, nous allons adopter la m{\'e}thodologie suivante : -Etude du cadre naturel et hydrodynamique en relation avec le chimisme du milieu -Etude des param{\`e}tres physiques et chimiques de l{\textquoteright}eau. -Etude des d{\'e}pendances et relations entre les divers param{\`e}tres physico-chimiques de l{\textquoteright}eau. -Etude des m{\'e}canismes d{\textquoteright}acquisition de la temp{\'e}rature et de la min{\'e}ralisation des eaux thermales et leurs origines. Pour concr{\'e}tiser ce programme de travail, un suivi saisonnier des mesures physicochimiques sera effectu{\'e} sur le terrain ainsi que des pr{\'e}l{\`e}vements d{\textquoteright}{\'e}chantillons d{\textquoteright}eaux destin{\'e}s aux analyses chimiques en {\'e}l{\'e}ments majeurs, mineurs. L{\textquoteright}analyse des r{\'e}sultats ainsi obtenus sera d{\'e}velopp{\'e}e {\`a} travers les deux parties constituant cette th{\`e}se. Premi{\`e}re partie CHAPITRE I : Synth{\`e}se g{\'e}ologique de l{\textquoteright}aire d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude Elle reste d{\textquoteright}une grande importance, dans le domaine du thermalisme nous d{\'e}crirons les limites g{\'e}ographiques de la r{\'e}gion de S{\'e}tif et nous examinerons ensuite la g{\'e}ologie et l{\textquoteright}hydrog{\'e}ologie qui portera sur l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude des principales phases tectoniques, et plus particuli{\`e}rement le syst{\`e}me de la fracturation permettant l{\textquoteright}{\'e}mergence des eaux chaudes ; ainsi que la d{\'e}finition des diff{\'e}rents aquif{\`e}res dans le contexte lithostratigraphique, structural, g{\'e}ophysique et hydrog{\'e}ologique. CHAPITRE II : hydroclimatologie Elle a pour objet d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tudier les facteurs importants comme la temp{\'e}rature de l{\textquoteright}air pour d{\'e}finir les limites de la thermalit{\'e} de la r{\'e}gion et les pr{\'e}cipitations qui conditionnent le bilan hydrologique et la recharge des aquif{\`e}res. Elle permettra {\'e}galement la classification de la zone concern{\'e}e sur la base d{\textquoteright}indices climatiques et d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tablir les principaux {\'e}l{\'e}ments du bilan hydrique qui est d{\textquoteright}une importance capitale Deuxi{\`e}me partie CHAPITRE I : hydrochimie Cette partie essentielle dans notre travail de recherches, reposera sur le traitement des donn{\'e}es des diff{\'e}rentes analyses chimiques aussi bien les {\'e}l{\'e}ments majeurs que mineurs (fer, mangan{\`e}se fluor, iode etc...) et la relation existante entre eux. En particulier la teneur en fer dans les eaux de Hammam Guergour. L{\textquoteright}interpr{\'e}tation et l{\textquoteright}exploitation de ces analyses permettront d{\textquoteright}aboutir aux origines g{\'e}ologiques des eaux thermomin{\'e}rales (froides et chaudes), mais aussi d{\textquoteright}avoir une id{\'e}e sur la nature des formations lithologiques travers{\'e}es par ces eaux et leur dynamique. CHAPITRE II : G{\'e}othermom{\'e}trie Dans ce chapitre nous tenterons d{\textquoteright}estimer les temp{\'e}ratures des eaux en profondeur des diff{\'e}rentes sources thermales en utilisant divers g{\'e}othermom{\`e}tres chimiques, comme indicateurs des temp{\'e}ratures minimales et maximales au droit de l{\textquoteright}aquif{\`e}re. Sachant que la plupart des m{\'e}thodes utilis{\'e}es reposent sur les teneurs des eaux de certains {\'e}l{\'e}ments caract{\'e}ristiques tels que : silice, calcium, sodium, potassium et carbonates},
	url = {https://www.pnst.cerist.dz/detail.php?id=49416/},
	author = {Djemmal Samir}
}
@mastersthesis {5682,
	title = {Flux azot{\'e} : origine et devenir dans les eaux souterraines, cas de la r{\'e}gion de Zana-est Alg{\'e}rien},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {Nous avons essay{\'e}, par ce travail, d{\textquoteright}apporter une contribution {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tudier les aquif{\`e}res de la plaine de Zana, et d{\textquoteright}{\'e}valuer les risques de la pollution li{\'e}e au flux azot{\'e}.La plaine de Zana fait partie du bassin versant des hauts plateaux constantinois et plus pr{\'e}cis{\'e}ment du sous bassin versant Merdja Zana, qui s{\textquoteright}{\'e}tend sur une superficie de 369 Km{\texttwosuperior} environ.L{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude de la g{\'e}ologie en association avec les donn{\'e}es de la g{\'e}ophysique met en {\'e}vidence l{\textquoteright}existence de deux formations. La premi{\`e}re formation, de surface d{\textquoteright}{\^a}ge Mio-Plio-Quaternaire form{\'e}e par desniveaux de sable, de gravier, de calcaire lacustre et des intercalations argileuses. La deuxi{\`e}me formation, elle est carbonat{\'e}e et form{\'e}e essentiellement par des calcaires du Cr{\'e}tac{\'e} inf{\'e}rieur et du Jurassique sup{\'e}rieur de l{\textquoteright}ensemble sud s{\'e}tifien et du parautochtone aur{\'e}sien. Le recouvrement de surface atteint dans certainsendroits les 150m d{\textquoteright}{\'e}paisseur notamment au milieu de la plaine et une faible {\'e}paisseur au voisinage des massifs. Quant aux formations carbonat{\'e}es elles ont 350m d{\textquoteright}{\'e}paisseur.La g{\'e}omorphologie, montre que notre bassin est allong{\'e}, il a une altitude moyenne de 935m et il est caract{\'e}ris{\'e} par un relief mod{\'e}r{\'e} et de pente douce.Le r{\'e}seau hydrographique est pet d{\'e}velopper et de type endor{\'e}ique avec un {\'e}coulement temporaire.L{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude climatologique a montr{\'e} que la r{\'e}gion d{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude a un climat semi aride avec un bilan hydrologique d{\'e}ficitaire.L{\textquoteright}aper{\c c}u hydrog{\'e}ologique de la plaine montre que les formations du Cr{\'e}tac{\'e} inf{\'e}rieur et du Jurassique sup{\'e}rieur peuvent offrir des possibilit{\'e}s aquif{\`e}res tr{\`e}s int{\'e}ressantes de m{\^e}me que la formation superficielle, elle pr{\'e}sente des potentialit{\'e}s aquif{\`e}res non n{\'e}gligeables. La pi{\'e}zom{\'e}trie montre une convergence vers les d{\'e}pressions de Merdja de Zana et le Chott Saboun, qui repr{\'e}sentent des exutoires naturels dela nappe.L{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude hydrochimique a permis d{\textquoteright}attribuer l{\textquoteright}origine {\'e}vaporitique aux {\'e}l{\'e}ments Na+, Mg++, K+, Cl-,SO4--, quant {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}l{\'e}ment HCO3-, il est issu des formations carbonat{\'e}es. Les deux compagnes d{\textquoteright}analyses effectu{\'e}es montrent que les eaux issues del{\textquoteright}aquif{\`e}re superficiel et de l{\textquoteright}aquif{\`e}re karstique ont le m{\^e}me faci{\`e}s hydrochimique qui est de type chlorur{\'e} et sulfat{\'e} magn{\'e}sien, ce qui t{\'e}moigne de l{\textquoteright}existence d{\textquoteright}une interaction probable entre les deux aquif{\`e}res},
	url = {http://docplayer.fr/66130950-Flux-azote-dans-les-eaux-souterraines-origine-et-devenir-cas-de-la-plaine-de-zana-est-algerien.html},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {4899,
	title = {Proposal for a new method for assessing the vulnerability of aquifers to contamination, ISSN 1737-3638},
	journal = {3rd International Conference on Integrated Environmental Management for Sustainable Development "ICIEM 2018" , May 02 to 05, 2018.  Sousse, Tunisia},
	year = {2018},
	url = { www.iciem-conference.com},
	author = {Drias Tarek and Abdelhamid Khedidja and Belloula Moufida}
}
@conference {4868,
	title = {TERRASSES FLUVIATILES QUATERNAIRES DE L\&$\#$39;OUED EL HAY (BATNA, NE ALG{\'E}RIE): S{\'E}DIMENTOLOGIE ET CARACT{\'E}RISTIQUES DE L\&$\#$39;ENVIRONNEMENT S{\'E}DIMENTAIRE.},
	booktitle = {4{\`e}me Colloque International les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable (2018)  T{\'e}bessa, Alg{\'e}rie},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {Une {\'e}tude stratigraphique et s{\'e}dimentologique a {\'e}t{\'e} r{\'e}alis{\'e}e sur une terrasse alluviale de la r{\'e}gion d{\textquoteright}Oued El Hay, au sud de Batna (NE Alg{\'e}rie). Les structures s{\'e}dimentaires observ{\'e}es sont principalement des zones d{\textquoteright}{\'e}rosion, des zones inondables, des figures en biseau et des variations d{\textquoteright}{\'e}paisseur associ{\'e}es {\`a} des joints de stratification. Du point de vue s{\'e}dimentologique, les s{\'e}diments sont domin{\'e}s par des fractions argilo-limono-sableuses, suivies par des fractions de gravier et de cailloux. Les teneurs mod{\'e}r{\'e}es en CaCO3 r{\'e}sultent de la dissolution des reliefs calcaires {\`a} proximit{\'e} (calcaire cr{\'e}tac{\'e}) associ{\'e}e {\`a} l{\textquoteright}augmentation de la temp{\'e}rature et l{\textquoteright}humidit{\'e} du milieu. L{\textquoteright}observation morphoscopique de grains de quartz avec une loupe binoculaire permet d{\textquoteright}offrir une {\'e}volution plus ou moins importante, car ils sont souvent {\'e}mouss{\'e}s ou sous-arrondis. L{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude s{\'e}dimentologique a {\'e}t{\'e} r{\'e}alis{\'e}e sur 16 {\'e}chantillons pr{\'e}lev{\'e}s syst{\'e}matiquement du haut vers le bas de la coupe stratigraphique. L{\textquoteright}examen de la taille brute de la fraction inf{\'e}rieure {\`a} 2 mm a permis d{\textquoteright}individualiser 03 niveaux dans des couches s{\'e}dimentaires, certaines fractions grossi{\`e}res riches (gravier, cailloux et blocs) alternant avec des couches riches en sable et en limon. Le pourcentage de fraction d{\textquoteright}argile est dominant et reste pratiquement constant presque tout au long de la section stratigraphique.},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330038660_TERRASSES_FLUVIATILES_QUATERNAIRES_DE_L{\textquoteright}OUED_EL_HAY_BATNA_NE_ALGERIE_SEDIMENTOLOGIE_ET_CARACTERISTIQUES_DE_L{\textquoteright}ENVIRONNEMENT_SEDIMENTAIRE},
	author = {Fouad Djaiz and Defaflia Nabil and Bachir Lamouri and ATHAMENA Ali and Boushaba Abdellah}
}
@proceedings {4867,
	title = {Quaternary fluviatile terraces of the Oued El Gourzi (Batna, NE Algeria): sedimentology and characteristics of the depositional environment},
	journal = {1ST CONFERENCES OF THE ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES (CAJC) (2018) Hammamet, Tunisie},
	year = {2018},
	author = {DJAIZ Fouad and Defaflia Nabil and Lamouri Bachir and Boushaba Abdellah and Chairat. I}
}
@article {4866,
	title = {Geological Characterization and contibution of Geophysics to the mobilization of water resources in the ain djasser basin (South-S{\'e}tifien, Algeria NE)},
	journal = {The Euro-arab Organization for Environment,Water  and Desert Researches, (2018)   Antalya, Turquie},
	year = {2018},
	author = {DJAIZ Fouad and Defaflia Nabil and ATHAMENA Ali and Lamouri Bachir and Boughdiri Mabrouk and Belalite Halima and Boushaba Abdellah}
}
@article {4862,
	title = {The impact of the mobilization of water resources in semi-arid areas on sustainable development the case of Timgad Basin northeastern of Algeria},
	journal = { Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources },
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp.355-357 },
	abstract = {A hill reservoir research project aims, among other perspectives, to improve the regional agriculture potential through irrigation of small areas. For such a project, the feasibility study for a given area is fundamental before the establishment of any related applied research works. This paper is of a socio-economic relevance for the Timgad region (NE Algeria) as the presented results consist of a contribution of both socio-economic operators and policy makers. In the study area, water resources are closely related to the regional geology and the main objectives of the establishment of the Foum-Toub hill reservoir is to promote the irrigation of its plain, regulate the flow of the Foum-Toub creek and minimize the silting of the Koudiet Lemdaour dam. The selected sites for the construction of this work are characterized by an impermeable bedrock. Loose material, favorable to serve as borrow areas, can be supplied from the surrounding depressions where sandstone can also be used for the dike construction.},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_83},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali and Menani, Mohamed-Redha and Fouad Djaiz and Halima Belalite}
}
@article {4861,
	title = {Quaternary fluviatile terraces of the Oued El Gourzi (Batna, NE Algeria): sedimentology and characteristics of the depositional},
	journal = {Advances in Science, Technology \& Innovation },
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp 331-334 },
	abstract = {Field observations and sedimentological analyses of alluvial terraces of the O. Gourzi (Batna, NE Algeria) lead us to consider sediments as dominated by clayey and silty-sandy fractions overlain by gravel and calcareous coarser fractions. Moderate CaO3 contents would have resulted from the dissolution of the nearby carbonate relieves. They are mainly composed of Maastrichtian limestones. The distribution of the mineral fraction led us to identify 07 levels including horizons of coarse fractions alternating with layers rich in sand and silt with a roughly constant clay fraction through the stratigraphic column. Kurtosis values, frequency histograms of a prokurtic type, rarily mesokurtic, mark a constant power mode for the transport agent. Classification indices indicate poorly- to moderately sorted material, indicating a turbiditic depositional environment. Quartz grain nature and morphoscopy refer to Miocene sandstones as a potential origin. The ferruginous coating is due to the initiating pedogenesis.},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-01452-0_79},
	author = {Fouad Djaiz and Defaflia Nabil and Bachir Lamouri and Boushaba Abdellah}
}
@proceedings {4860,
	title = {Biostratigraphie, G{\'e}ochimie et r{\'e}ponse des composantes microfauniques aux variations nvironnementales au passage C{\'e}nomanien-Turonien {\`a} Thniet El Manchar (Monts de Belezma, Batna, NE Alg{\'e}rie)},
	journal = {Estudios Geol{\'o}gicos intitul{\'e} },
	volume = {74},
	number = {1},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {[fr] La pr{\'e}sente {\'e}tude livre une analyse biostratigraphique et g{\'e}ochimique des d{\'e}p{\^o}ts c{\'e}nomano-turoniens de la r{\'e}gion Th{\'e}ni{\`e}t El Manchar, situ{\'e}e dans les Monts de Bellezma-Batna, et leur {\'e}volution verticale. Une coupe (TM), {\'e}paisse de 180 m, est d{\'e}crite dans ce secteur. Elle correspond {\`a} la Formation des Marnes de Smail, subdivis{\'e}e en quatre unit{\'e}s litho-stratigraphiques (IA, IB, IC, ID), dat{\'e}e du C{\'e}nomanien gr{\^a}ce {\`a} la pr{\'e}sence d{\textquoteright}ammonites et de corail, et {\`a} la base de la Formation des Dolomies de l{\textquoteright}Oued Skhoun (unit{\'e}, IIA), dat{\'e}e de la base du Turonien au moyen de foraminif{\`e}res planctoniques. L{\textquoteright}analyse qualitative et quantitative des foraminif{\`e}res (planctoniques et/ou benthiques), des ostracodes et des marqueurs g{\'e}ochimiques, permet de reconstituer l{\textquoteright}{\'e}volution du pal{\'e}o-environnement et les variations pal{\'e}o-bathym{\'e}triques au cours de l{\textquoteright}intervalle stratigraphique concern{\'e}. Ainsi, les unit{\'e}s IA-IB-IC et la partie inf{\'e}rieure de l{\textquoteright}unit{\'e} ID (C{\'e}nomanien) sont domin{\'e}es par des associations de foraminif{\`e}res benthiques agglutin{\'e}s et des carapaces enti{\`e}res d{\textquoteright}ostracodes, t{\'e}moignant d{\textquoteright}un milieu de plate-forme et d{\textquoteright}un faible hydrodynamisme. Dans ces d{\'e}p{\^o}ts, les associations montrent une diversit{\'e} sp{\'e}cifique faible {\`a} moyenne et une abondance plus ou moins {\'e}lev{\'e}e, t{\'e}moignant de conditions trophiques et d{\textquoteright}oxyg{\'e}nation consid{\'e}r{\'e}es comme normales. Les derniers termes de l{\textquoteright}unit{\'e} ID (sommet du C{\'e}nomanien) et l{\textquoteright}unit{\'e} IIA (base du Turonien) marquent, quant {\`a} eux, une {\'e}volution vers des conditions plus profondes, comme le montre la succession standard des {\'e}v{\'e}nements d{\'e}j{\`a} reconnus en Afrique du nord, {\`a} savoir: l{\textquoteright}abondance de foraminif{\`e}res planctoniques, la pr{\'e}sence de {\textquoteleft}filaments{\textquoteright} et une r{\'e}duction drastique de la faune d{\textquoteright}ostracodes. En outre, les courbes isotopiques du carbone (δ13C) et de l{\textquoteright}oxyg{\`e}ne (δ18O) des carbonates mettent en {\'e}vidence des anomalies isotopiques relatives aux modifications pal{\'e}o-environnementales. Les donn{\'e}es du δ13C et celles du COT indiquent une productivit{\'e} primaire faible. Les donn{\'e}es du δ18O, quant {\`a} elles, indiquent une augmentation des pal{\'e}o-temp{\'e}ratures, cause principale du d{\'e}clenchement de l{\textquoteright}EAO 2. Ces interpr{\'e}tations pal{\'e}o-environnementales s{\textquoteright}accordent avec les donn{\'e}es connues du contexte pal{\'e}og{\'e}ographique r{\'e}gional et mettent en exergue les sp{\'e}cificit{\'e}s t{\'e}thysiennes.},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326130603_Biostratigraphie_geochimie_et_reponse_des_composantes_microfauniques_aux_variations_environnementales_au_passage_Cenomanien-Turonien_a_Theniet_El_Manchar_Monts_de_Bellezma_Batna_NE_Algerie},
	author = {Slami Rafika and Salmi Laouar Sihem and Bruno Ferr{\'e} and Riadh Aouissi and Fatiha Kechid-Benkherouf}
}
@proceedings {4849,
	title = {Approche hydrog{\'e}ologique des plaines de Gadaine et Zana-chott saboun (Wilaya de Batna, Nord est alg{\'e}rien)},
	journal = {4eme colloque international : les g{\'e}osciences au service du d{\'e}veloppement durable Tebessa, Algerie},
	year = {2018},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {4845,
	title = {Le colmatage des membranes d\&$\#$39;osmose inverse en dessalment d\&$\#$39;eau : {\'e}tude de l\&$\#$39;ihibition de la pr{\'e}cipitation de CaCO3 par Zn++},
	journal = {Colloque International de Chimie CIC 5, Batna, Alg{\'e}rie, 04-06 d{\'e}cembre 2018},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Ait Mohand Said Meriem and Bouhidel Kamel}
}
@proceedings {4844,
	title = {Coexistence effect of some ions on the nanofiltration quality},
	journal = {5{\`e}me s{\'e}minaire international sur l{\textquoteright}eau et l{\textquoteright}environnement, Chlef, 20-22 novembre 2018},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Ait Mohand Said Meriem and Bouhidel Kamel}
}
@proceedings {4843,
	title = {Synthetisis of  ZnO Bentonite as photocatalysis to degrade cationic yellow dye},
	journal = {2nd International symposium on catalysis , Tlemcen, 1-3 Octobre 2018},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Belgaid Nassima and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bouhidel Kamel}
}
@proceedings {4842,
	title = {Valorisation de mat{\'e}riaux g{\'e}ologiques dans l\&$\#$39;industrie de l\&$\#$39;eau},
	journal = {1er s{\'e}minaire maghr{\'e}bin sur  l{\textquoteright}eau et l{\textquoteright}environnement dans les zones arides, Ouargla, 23-25 avril 2018},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Belgaid Nassima and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bouhidel Kamel}
}
@proceedings {4841,
	title = {Synthetisis of Inorganic/organic modified Bentonite and its application for textile dye removal from water},
	journal = {Colloque International de Chimie CIC 5, Batna, Alg{\'e}rie, 04-06 d{\'e}cembre 2018},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Belgaid Nassima and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bouhidel Kamel}
}
@proceedings {4840,
	title = {Elaboration of Al-Bent, Fe-Bent, CTAB Bent,, AL-CTAB-Bent and Fe-CTAB-Bent from algerian Bentonite clay to adsorb cationic textiles dyes},
	journal = {International Water Forum Conference, Hammamet, Tunisie, 19-21 Mars },
	year = {2018},
	author = {Belgaid Nassima}
}
@proceedings {4839,
	title = {Approche hydrog{\'e}ologie et isotopique pour la connaissance de l\&$\#$39;origine de la salinisation des eaux souterraines d\&$\#$39;Oued Labiod, NE alg{\'e}rien },
	journal = {4{\`e}me colloque international sur les g{\'e}osciences et le d{\'e}veloppement durable, T{\'e}bessa,  Nov },
	year = {2018},
	author = {Rihani Abla and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@proceedings {4837,
	title = {Approche hydrog{\'e}ologique des plaines de Gdaine et Zana-chott saboun, NE alg{\'e}rien.},
	journal = {4{\`e}me colloque international sur les g{\'e}osciences, T{\'e}bessa},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Belalit Halima and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@proceedings {4835,
	title = {The SASS transboundary water resources, joint management and risk of conflicts},
	journal = {International Journal of arts and sciences UNLV, 12-16, 2018, USA},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://unlv2018.sched.com/},
	author = {MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@proceedings {4834,
	title = {Hydrogeological and hydrochemical study of Teleghma aquifer (NE Algeria)},
	journal = {3rd International conference on Integrated environmental management for sustainable development, 2-5 mai 2018, Sousse, Tunisie},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Dekakra Mouna and MENANI Mohamed redha and Abdelhamid Khedidja}
}
@proceedings {4833,
	title = {Adaptation de l\&$\#$39;agriculture saharienne {\`a} la s{\'e}cheresse - cas de la r{\'e}gion d\&$\#$39;Oued Souf (Alg{\'e}rie)},
	journal = {16 {\`e}me Conf{\'e}rence Internationale EURO-RIOB, 17-20 Oct 2018, S{\'e}ville, Espagne},
	year = {2018},
	author = {MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@article {3622,
	title = {Approche hydrog{\'e}ologique du bassin mioc{\`e}ne de Timgad(Wilaya de Batna -- nord-est alg{\'e}rien), ISSN: 1370 - 6071},
	journal = {Geo-Eco-Trop~},
	volume = {volume 42},
	number = { issue 1 },
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp.33-42},
	abstract = {Timgad Basin is a part of the North-East Algerian Saharan Atlas. It is located at the northern of the Aur{\`e}s Mountain. It is bordered in the North by Bou Arif, Amrane and Tagratine mountains, while in the South it is limited by Chelia, Rdam and Nerdi Bouhmar mountains. It is shaped as a synclinal gutter oriented East-West and covers an area of about 1000 Km2 . The climate is semi-arid (cold winter and hot summer) with average annual rainfall not exceeding 350 mm. The basin is composed by varied lithology, showing large folded structures down sloping towards the center, which favor groundwater storage. The Miocene sandstone aquifer is the most important. It is characterized by a wavy shape, which form series of shale-marl filling depressions. Recent wells drilled in the basin edges and center, put in evidence its artesian character. The piezometric survey shows a groundwater convergent flow oriented towards the basin east (Bou el Freis), likewise the sandstone aquifer is marked by the presence of a West-East drainage axis which separates the basin northern part characterized by a low reservoirs hydraulic capacity from the southern part distinguished by the groundwater relative abundance.},
	url = {http://www.geoecotrop.be/uploads/publications/pub_421_03.pdf},
	author = {Lebchek Soumia and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@article {3616,
	title = {The influence of the aquifer geometry on the groundwater flows (Timgad Basin, North-East Algeria), ISSN / e-ISSN: 2220-6663 /2222-3045},
	journal = {journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)},
	volume = {Vol. 12},
	number = {No. 5},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp. 354-360},
	abstract = {The basin of Timgad belongs to the North-Eastern Algerian Saharan Atlas; it is located at the northern extension of the Aures Mountains. The basin is an asymmetrical syncline oriented East-West covering an area of 1000 Km2. The climate is semi-arid (cold winter and hot summer) with average annual rainfall not exceeding 400 mm. Recently, the increasing agricultural activities led to an excessive exploitation of groundwater resources. In order to meet this rising water supply demands, implementing a water resources management policy is a priority which should be based on a basin hydrogeological study. Effectively, the geological and geophysical studies have confirmed the presence of permeable Miocene and Cretaceous formations (sandstone and carbonate); relatively resistant affected by fractures network, which are probably forming a confined aquifers. Indeed, recent wells drilled in the basin center and their boundaries; show that the aquifers are artesian. The sandstone aquifer of the Miocene is the most important, it is characterized by significant thickness which can exceed 200m, its extension as well as its particular corrugated geometry, characterized by a wavy shape, which forming a series of shale-marl\&nbsp;filling depressions, influences the groundwater flow, actually, the piezometric surface illustrates groundwater convergent flow oriented to the east, towards Bou el freis, likewise the sandstone aquifer is marked by the presence of a West-East drainage axis which separates the basin northern part characterized by a low reservoirs hydraulic capacity from the southern part distinguished by the groundwater relative abundance. Groundwater is generally easily extracted, except the northern part of the basin where the top shale-marl layer is thickens to over 1000m.},
	url = {https://innspub.net/jbes/influence-aquifer-geometry-groundwater-flows-timgad-basin-north-east-algeria/},
	author = {Lebchek Soumia and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@article {3610,
	title = {Nitrogen flux and hydrochemical characteristics of the calcareous aquifer of the Zana plain, north east of Algeria, July, ISSN /e- ISSN: 1866-7511 / 1866-7538},
	journal = {Arabian Journal of Geosciences},
	volume = {Vol 11},
	number = {Issue 13},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {The hydrochemical and multivariate statistical techniques such as the principal component analysis (PCA) and the cluster analysis (CA) were used to identify the hydrochemical processes and their relation with groundwater quality and also to get an insight into the hydrochemical Zana aquifer groundwater chemistry evaluation. Twenty-four samples during the wet season and even during the dry season are analyzed. The Piper diagram showed that water facies are magnesium bicarbonate on the sides of the western reliefs and magnesium chloride-sulfated at the north and the center of the plain. The PCA carried out on three factors revealed that on the factorial design F1-F3, nitrates negatively determine factor 3, indicating the presence of an agriculture pollution. On the factorial design F1-F2, HCO3- positively determine the factor 2, indicating the carbonated origin. However, the CA, based on variables, showed that the waters in the region can be classified into three groups according to flow direction while the CA, based on major ion contents, defined three groups, reflecting the same hydrochemical facies. The first group with dry residue varying between 360 and 1700 mg/l and characterized by Mg2+ and Cl-, HCO3-. Samples of this group are mostly located in the north and northeastern part of the region. The second group with highest dry residue (2080 to 3820 mg/l) characterized by Mg2+ and SO4-, Cl- is located near the Northwestern and western outcrops. The third group coincides with the central part, the lowest of the plain, with heightened dry residue (4140 to 13,950 mg/l), characterized by Mg2+ and SO4-. The hydrochemical study made it possible to allot the evaporitic origin to the elements Na+, Mg2+, K+, Cl-, and SO4-, while for element HCO3-, it results from the carbonated formations. These results showed that the presence of nitrates in the studied area is closely linked to the agricultural activity.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3681-5},
	author = {Athamenani Ali and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@mastersthesis {2916,
	title = {{\'E}tude g{\'e}ologique de la plaine Sud S{\'e}tifienne par une approche g{\'e}ophysique},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Kechha}
}
@mastersthesis {2915,
	title = {{\'E}tude g{\'e}ologique de la plaine de Gadaine par une approche g{\'e}ophysique},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Douaflia Abdelkader and Benour yahia}
}
@proceedings {2416,
	title = {Hydrochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of an Alluvial Aquifer. Algeria.},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Drias Tarek and Fehdi Chemseddine and Belloula Moufida}
}
@proceedings {2190,
	title = {Evolution tectono-sedimentaires dans la serie aptienne de Telidjene-Tebessa (Algerie oreiental)},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre.},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {Bentahar Fahima and Inal Ahmed and Yahaoui Abedel Ouahab}
}
@proceedings {2189,
	title = {Lithostratigraphie de la serie Aptienne du DJ Bouroumane-Tebessa (Algerie oriental)},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre.},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {Bentahar Fahima and Yahaoui Abedel Ouahab and Inal Ahmed}
}
@proceedings {2170,
	title = {Les ressources en eau du Nord Est Algerien region de Tolga, qualit{\'e} des eaux  de la nappe des calcaires},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {Zouaoui Siham and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bouabid Abd Ennasser}
}
@proceedings {2169,
	title = {Etude de la qualit{\'e} des eaux de la nappe superficielle dans la region de Tolga},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre.},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {Zouaoui Siham and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bouabid Abd Ennasser and Boukhenissa F and Ahmadi L}
}
@article {2138,
	title = {Use of mechanical drill data and vertical electrical soundings for the identification of aquifer geometry of lower Maestrichtian limestone M\&$\#$39;Daourouch Drea plain Wilaya of Souk Ahras NE Algerian, ISSN / e-ISSN 2220-6663 / 2222-3045},
	journal = {Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)},
	volume = {Volume 12},
	number = {1},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp 90-95},
	abstract = {This paper was made in the region of M{\textquoteright}daourouch-Dr{\'e}a which is part of the high plains of northeastern Algeria, located southwest of the Souk-ahras Wilaya in eastern Algeria. It is a plain with agricultural vocation which requires for its development more water. Knowing that the rainfall is low (465mm/year) and not enough to meet the needs of farmers, the use of groundwater then becomes the only alternative to fill this lack of resources. Among the aquifers identified in this region is that contained in fissured limestones of lower Maestrichian age. In order to satisfy farmers and citizens in water it is necessary to have a good characterization of this aquifer. The objective of this paper is to improve the knowledge on the morphology and the extension of this aquifer and to locate its roof in space to help operators choose areas favorable to exploitation, so direct them to the nearest areas of the surface thus minimizing the cost of the drilling operation. To achieve this goal, we have exploited by exploiting several tools (geological map, logs of boreholes and geophysics survey), whose combination gave an idea on the geometry of the aquifer as well as the depth of its roof in different regions of the plain and shows by the occasion, the affectation of these limestones by several tectonic accidents generating thus a structure in collapsed blocks from where the very variable depth of the roof of these limestones of a place of the plain to other.},
	url = {https://innspub.net/jbes/use-mechanical-drill-data-vertical-electrical-soundings-identification-aquifer-geometry-lower-maestrichian-limestones-mdaourouch-drea-plain-wilaya-souk-ahras-ne-algerian/},
	author = {Brahmia Ali and Brinis Nafaa}
}
@proceedings {2135,
	title = {Contribution of statistical technique in the Characterization hydro-chimical of groundwater, case of the region Zana-Roknia, Eastern Algeria},
	journal = {13th International Conference on Water Resources organized by Al-Hussein Bin Talal University and the European Organization for Environmental, Water and Desert Research in Antalya, Turkey 25-27 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Antalya, Turkey },
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@article {2130,
	title = {Nitrogen flux and hydrochemical characteristics of the calcareous aquifer of the Zana plain, north east of Algeria, July, ISSN /e- ISSN: 1866-7511 / 1866-7538},
	journal = {Arabian Journal of Geosciences},
	volume = { Vol 11},
	number = {Issue 13},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {The hydrochemical and multivariate statistical techniques such as the principal component analysis (PCA) and the cluster analysis (CA) were used to identify the hydrochemical processes and their relation with groundwater quality and also to get an insight into the hydrochemical Zana aquifer groundwater chemistry evaluation. Twenty-four samples during the wet season and even during the dry season are analyzed. The Piper diagram showed that water facies are magnesium bicarbonate on the sides of the western reliefs and magnesium chloride-sulfated at the north and the center of the plain. The PCA carried out on three factors revealed that on the factorial design F1-F3, nitrates negatively determine factor 3, indicating the presence of an agriculture pollution. On the factorial design F1-F2, HCO3- positively determine the factor 2, indicating the carbonated origin. However, the CA, based on variables, showed that the waters in the region can be classified into three groups according to flow direction while the CA, based on major ion contents, defined three groups, reflecting the same hydrochemical facies. The first group with dry residue varying between 360 and 1700 mg/l and characterized by Mg2+ and Cl-, HCO3-. Samples of this group are mostly located in the north and northeastern part of the region. The second group with highest dry residue (2080 to 3820 mg/l) characterized by Mg2+ and SO4-, Cl- is located near the Northwestern and western outcrops. The third group coincides with the central part, the lowest of the plain, with heightened dry residue (4140 to 13,950 mg/l), characterized by Mg2+ and SO4-. The hydrochemical study made it possible to allot the evaporitic origin to the elements Na+, Mg2+, K+, Cl-, and SO4-, while for element HCO3-, it results from the carbonated formations. These results showed that the presence of nitrates in the studied area is closely linked to the agricultural activity.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3681-5},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali and MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@proceedings {2128,
	title = {Qualit{\'e} des eaux de surface d\&$\#$39;Oued Saf-Saf (Nord Est Algerien)},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {Kemoukh Sami and DJAIZ Fouad and ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {2127,
	title = {The Evaluation of the Belezmamounts thermal potential: at the South-Eastern confinement of the South Setifian Set, Eastern Algeria},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {ATHAMENA Malika and MENANI Mohamed redha and ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {2126,
	title = {Approche hydrog{\'e}ologique des plaines de Gadaine et Zana-Chott Saboun (wilaya de Batna, Nord-Est Algerienne)},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International, les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	author = {Bilalite Halima and MENANI Mohamed redha and ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {2125,
	title = {Barrages et Envirennement, une relation d{\'e}velopp{\'e}, Cas du Barrage de Beni-Haroun, Mila, Est Algerie},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali and MENANI Mohamed redha and Bilalite Halima and Ghenima Z and Teffaha S and Kihel K}
}
@proceedings {2124,
	title = {Approche statistique dans la caract{\'e}risation physico-chimique des eaux souterraines, cas de Chott-Saboun, Est Alg{\'e}rie},
	journal = {4eme Colloque International les G{\'e}osciences au service du D{\'e}veloppement durable, universit{\'e} Larbi Tebessi,Tebessa, Alger 22 novembre},
	year = {2018},
	address = {Tebessa, Alger},
	author = {ATHAMENA Ali}
}
@proceedings {2009,
	title = {10{\`e}me International Symposium on Cephalopods \&laquo; Present and Past \&raquo; organised by Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fes and the Westfalische Wilhelms University, Muenster, 26th March-3rd April 2018.MAROC},
	journal = {10th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM {\textquotedblleft}CEPHALOPODS {\textendash} PRESENT AND PAST},
	year = {2018},
	address = {MAROC},
	author = {DJAIZ Fouad}
}
@article {1887,
	title = {Hydrogeochemical Assessment of an Alluvial Aquifer Under Semi-Arid Climat. Eastern Algeria, ISSN 2321 \&ndash;9009},
	journal = {International Journal of Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJASEAT)},
	volume = {Volume-6},
	number = {Issue-1},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {The study of the water quality in the alluvial aquifer of Tebessa-Morsott basinwas carried out to perform a preliminary assessmentof the hydrochemical quality of same groundwater samples and their suitability for irrigation uses. The high salinity coupledwith groundwater level decline pose serious problems for current irrigation and domestic water supplies as well as for future exploitation. The statistical treatment of hydrochemical data by principal component analysis revealed two components related to salinity and pollution.The US salinity diagram illustrates that most of the groundwater samples fall in C3S1-C4S1 quality with high salinity hazard and low sodium hazard.},
	url = {http://www.iraj.in/journal/journal_file/journal_pdf/6-331-148853256927-32.pdf},
	author = {Drias Tarek and Belloula Moufida}
}
@inbook {1885,
	title = {Hydrochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of an Alluvial Aquifer. Algeria},
	booktitle = {Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions},
	year = {2018},
	pages = { 637-639},
	publisher = {Springer },
	organization = {Springer },
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {The study of the water quality in the shallow aquifer of Tebessa-Morsott was carried out to perform a preliminary assessment of the hydrochemical quality of same groundwater samples and their suitability for irrigation uses. The high salinity coupled with groundwater level decline pose serious problems for current irrigation and domestic water supplies as well as for future exploitation. The statistical treatment of hydrochemical data by principal component analysis revealed two components related to salinity and pollution. The US salinity diagram illustrates that most of the groundwater samples fall in C3S1- C4S1 quality with high salinity hazard and low sodium hazard.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_191},
	author = {Drias Tarek and Chemseddine Fehdi and Moufida Belloula}
}
@article {1884,
	title = {Statistical and hydro-geochemical characteristics of the M\&rsquo;daourouch-Drea plain\&rsquo;s groundwater; North-east of Algeria, ISSN / e-ISSN 1429-7426 / 2083-4535},
	journal = {Journal of Water and Land Development},
	number = {N{\textdegree}38},
	year = {2018},
	pages = { pp 19{\textendash}26. (VII-IX) 2018 (promesse de publication).},
	abstract = {This work was conducted on 23 samples distributed between springs, wells and boreholes tapping the shal-low and deep aquifer in the M{\textquoteright}Daourouch-Drea area located in extreme northeast of Algeria. Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl{\textendash}, SO42{\textendash}, HCO3{\textendash} and NO3{\textendash} were analysed. The interpretation of the geological-geophysical data allowed us to highlight two aquifers. The first consists of conglomerates, sandstones, gravels, sands, marls, limestones, la-custrine and alluvial deposits varying in thickness from a few tens to a few hundred meters, representing Neo-gene-Quaternary filling of the studied basin. The second is more important localized in the cracked and karstified limestones of upper Cretaceous age; these limestones are outcropped on the flanks of the syncline and the bor-ders of the basin. The first aquifer sometimes rests directly on the second which allows hydraulic communication between them. The hydogeochemical and statistical study, with the combination of numerous tools, indicates that the chemistry of groundwater in the M{\textquoteright}Daourouch-Drea Plain is controlled both by the dissolution of the miner-als of the evaporite formations and those of the carbonate formations.},
	url = {https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jwld.2018.38.issue-1/jwld-2018-0038/jwld-2018-0038.pdf},
	author = {Brahmia Ali and Brinis Nafaa and Nouar Tahar}
}
@article {1883,
	title = {Use of mechanical drill data and vertical electrical soundings for the identification of aquifer geometry of lower Maestrichtian limestone M\&$\#$39;Daourouch Drea plain Wilaya of Souk Ahras NE Algerian},
	journal = {Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)},
	volume = {12},
	number = {01},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {pp 90-95},
	abstract = {This paper was made in the region of M{\textquoteright}daourouch-Dr{\'e}a which is part of the high plains of northeastern Algeria, located southwest of the Souk-ahras Wilaya in eastern Algeria. It is a plain with agricultural vocation which requires for its development more water. Knowing that the rainfall is low (465mm/year) and not enough to meet the needs of farmers, the use of groundwater then becomes the only alternative to fill this lack of resources. Among the aquifers identified in this region is that contained in fissured limestones of lower Maestrichian age. In order to satisfy farmers and citizens in water it is necessary to have a good characterization of this aquifer. The objective of this paper is to improve the knowledge on the morphology and the extension of this aquifer and to locate its roof in space to help operators choose areas favorable to exploitation, so direct them to the nearest areas of the surface thus minimizing the cost of the drilling operation. To achieve this goal, we have exploited by exploiting several tools (geological map, logs of boreholes and geophysics survey), whose combination gave an idea on the geometry of the aquifer as well as the depth of its roof in different regions of the plain and shows by the occasion, the affectation of these limestones by several tectonic accidents generating thus a structure in collapsed blocks from where the very variable depth of the roof of these limestones of a place of the plain to other.},
	url = {https://innspub.net/jbes/use-mechanical-drill-data-vertical-electrical-soundings-identification-aquifer-geometry-lower-maestrichian-limestones-mdaourouch-drea-plain-wilaya-souk-ahras-ne-algerian/},
	author = {Brahmia Ali and Brinis Nafaa}
}
@inbook {1882,
	title = {La pollution des rejets liquides de la ville de Batna (Alg{\'e}rie). Impacts sur l\&rsquo;agriculture et sur les eaux destin{\'e}es {\`a} l\&rsquo;usage domestique},
	booktitle = {Eau et climat en Afrique du Nord et au Moyen-Orient},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {113-124},
	author = {MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
@inbook {1881,
	title = {{\'E}valuation du risque de conflit autour des eaux transfrontali{\`e}res du syst{\`e}me aquif{\`e}re du Sahara septentrional (SASS)},
	booktitle = {Eau et climat en Afrique du Nord et au Moyen-Orient},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {45-69},
	abstract = {
	
		Le SASS couvre une superficie d{\textquoteright}environ 1\&nbsp;000\&nbsp;000 km{\texttwosuperior}, il est partag{\'e} par l{\textquoteright}Alg{\'e}rie, la Libye et la Tunisie. Il est situ{\'e} dans une zone hyper aride avec une recharge actuelle minime mais un grand volume stock{\'e}, {\'e}valu{\'e} entre 20\&nbsp;000 et 31\&nbsp;000 km3.
	

	
		Depuis 1970 {\`a} nos jours, l{\textquoteright}exploitation du SASS est pass{\'e}e de 0,6 {\`a} plus de 2,5 milliards m3/an., d{\textquoteright}o{\`u} des risques majeurs \&nbsp;de salinisation des eaux, de r{\'e}duction de l{\textquoteright}art{\'e}sianisme, de tarissement des exutoires naturels, de baisse de la pi{\'e}zom{\'e}trie, d{\textquoteright}augmentation des rabattements ou d{\textquoteright}interf{\'e}rences des p{\'e}rim{\`e}tres de captage entre pays{\textellipsis}Ce qui menace {\`a} terme la durabilit{\'e} du d{\'e}veloppement socio-{\'e}conomique engag{\'e} dans l{\textquoteright}ensemble de la zone.
	

	
		Pour parer au mieux {\`a} ces risques et surtout pour mieux s{\textquoteright}en pr{\'e}munir, un processus de coop{\'e}ration a {\'e}t{\'e} initi{\'e} depuis 1998 sous l{\textquoteright}{\'e}gide de l{\textquoteright}observatoire du Sahara septentrional (OSS) en partenariat avec les institutions en charge des ressources en eau dans les 3 pays.
	

	
		L{\textquoteright}importance de cet immense r{\'e}servoir pour le d{\'e}veloppement de la zone SASS et la n{\'e}cessit{\'e} de sa gestion durable et concert{\'e}e a amen{\'e} {\`a} une entente pour son {\'e}tude en plusieurs phases\&nbsp;: la caract{\'e}risation hydrog{\'e}ologique du syst{\`e}me aquif{\`e}re et sa mod{\'e}lisation, l{\textquoteright}identification des risques environnementaux et l{\textquoteright}inclusion de l{\textquoteright}aspect socio-{\'e}conomique dans des sc{\'e}narios de d{\'e}veloppement.
	

	
		Les ressources en eau du SASS sont tr{\`e}s faiblement renouvelables, environ 1 milliard de m3/an, vis-{\`a}-vis des pr{\'e}l{\`e}vements actuels estim{\'e}s {\`a} 2,5 milliards de m3/an. La prise en compte de cette donn{\'e}e a {\'e}t{\'e} d{\'e}terminante pour pousser les scientifiques {\`a} {\'e}tablir la meilleure mod{\'e}lisation conceptuelle possible du syst{\`e}me qui soit {\`a} m{\^e}me de permettre d{\textquoteright}envisager diff{\'e}rents sc{\'e}narios d{\textquoteright}exploitation de la ressource tout en tenant compte des perspectives de d{\'e}veloppement socio-{\'e}conomique de chacun des 3 pays.
	

	
		Les donn{\'e}es actuelles, quoique rassurantes, ne signifient pas l{\textquoteright}inexistence, {\`a} court ou moyen terme, d{\textquoteright}un risque de conflit autour de ces eaux transfrontali{\`e}res. En effet, le probl{\`e}me m{\'e}rite d{\textquoteright}{\^e}tre analys{\'e} {\`a} travers plusieurs indicateurs qui ont un impact sur ce risque.
	

	
		L{\textquoteright}objectif de cette note est d{\textquoteright}{\'e}valuer le risque de conflit autour des eaux du SASS {\`a} travers un indice global exprim{\'e} num{\'e}riquement sur la base de la combinaison de poids et de cotes de plusieurs indicateurs qui ont, directement ou indirectement, un impact sur le risque de conflit.
	

	
		L{\textquoteright}indice global de risque de conflit obtenu pour le cas du SASS semble refl{\'e}ter correctement la situation qui y pr{\'e}vaut actuellement. La comparaison de ce r{\'e}sultat avec ceux obtenus pour les eaux transfrontali{\`e}res du bassin du Jourdain (risque {\'e}lev{\'e}) et ceux du syst{\`e}me aquif{\`e}re du Guarani (risque faible), conforte l{\textquoteright}{\'e}chelle des valeurs adopt{\'e}e dans cette m{\'e}thode d{\textquoteright}indexation num{\'e}rique.
	

},
	author = {MENANI Mohamed redha}
}
