@article {article,
	title = {The impact of COVID-19 on rheumatology practice across Africa},
	journal = {Rheumatology (Oxford, England)},
	volume = {60},
	number = {1},
	year = {2020},
	month = {10},
	pages = {392{\textendash}398},
	abstract = {
	Objectives



	To identify the changes in rheumatology service delivery across the five regions of Africa from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.



	Methods



	The COVID-19 African Rheumatology Study Group created an online survey consisting of 40 questions relating to the current practices and experiences of rheumatologists across Africa. The CHERRIES checklist for reporting results of internet e-surveys was adhered to.



	Results



	A total of 554 completed responses were received from 20 countries, which include six in Northern Africa, six in West Africa, four in Southern Africa, three in East Africa and one in Central Africa. Consultant grade rheumatologists constituted 436 (78.7\%) of respondents with a mean of 14.5 {\textpm} 10.3 years of experience. A total of 77 (13.9\%) rheumatologists avoided starting a new biologic. Face-to-face clinics with the use of some personal protective equipment continued to be held in only 293 (52.9\%) rheumatologists{\textquoteright} practices. Teleconsultation modalities found usage as follows: telephone in 335 (60.5\%), WhatsApp in 241 (43.5\%), emails in 90 (16.3\%) and video calls in 53 (9.6\%). Physical examinations were mostly reduced in 295 (53.3\%) or done with personal protective equipment in 128 (23.1\%) practices. Only 316 (57.0\%) reported that the national rheumatology society in their country had produced any recommendation around COVID-19 while only 73 (13.2\%) confirmed the availability of a national rheumatology COVID-19 registry in their country.



	Conclusion



	COVID-19 has shifted daily rheumatology practices across Africa to more virtual consultations and regional disparities are more apparent in the availability of local protocols and registries.

},
	doi = {10.1093/rheumatology/keaa600},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/rheumatology/article/60/1/392/5918127?login=false},
	author = {Akintayo, Richard and Akpabio, Akpabio and Kalla, Asgar and Dey, Dzifa and Migowa, Angela and Olaosebikan, Babatunde and Bahiri, Rachid and Miedany, Yasser and Hadef, Djohra and Hamdi, Wafa and Oyoo, Omondi and Samy Slimani and Yerima, A. and Taha, Yassmin and Adebajo, Adewale and Adelowo, Olufemi and Tikly, Mohammed and Ghozlani, Imad and Ben Abdelghani, Khaoula and Abdel-Magied, Rasha}
}
@article {article,
	title = {Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Advances and Challenges},
	journal = {Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)},
	volume = {7},
	number = {2},
	year = {2020},
	month = {11},
	pages = {176-181},
	abstract = {
	L{\textquoteright}arthrite juv{\'e}nile idiopathique (AJI) est la cause la plus fr{\'e}quente du rhumatisme chez l{\textquoteright}enfant. L{\textquoteright}AJI est un terme g{\'e}n{\'e}rique qui regroupe toutes les formes d{\textquoteright}arthrite chronique d{\textquoteright}origine inconnue apparaissant avant l{\textquoteright}{\^a}ge de 16 ans. La classification des diff{\'e}rentes entit{\'e}s de l{\textquoteright}AJI {\'e}tait et reste toujours un sujet de discussion et de raffinement. La distinction de groupes plus homog{\`e}nes permettra une th{\'e}rapeutique plus cibl{\'e}e. Le diagnostic de l{\textquoteright}AJI est un diagnostic d{\textquoteright}exclusion et il est purement clinique. Aucun test biologique n{\textquoteright}est sp{\'e}cifique. Les explorations sont utiles dans le diagnostic diff{\'e}rentiel et dans la d{\'e}finition de la sous-classification de la maladie. {\'E}tablir le diagnostic d{\textquoteright}une forme d{\textquoteright}AJI est un d{\'e}fi qui n{\'e}cessite parfois la demande d{\textquoteright}avis d{\textquoteright}expert pour une meilleure prise en charge diagnostique et th{\'e}rapeutique. Il n{\textquoteright}existe aucun traitement curatif pour l{\textquoteright}AJI jusqu{\textquoteright}aujourd{\textquoteright}hui. Les avanc{\'e}es de connaissances de m{\'e}canismes physiopathologiques ont permis une meilleure approche th{\'e}rapeutique de l{\textquoteright}inflammation. L{\textquoteright}av{\`e}nement de la bioth{\'e}rapie ces derni{\`e}res d{\'e}cennies a r{\'e}volutionn{\'e} la prise en charge de l{\textquoteright}AJI et a nettement am{\'e}lior{\'e} le pronostic.

},
	doi = {10.48087/BJMSra.2020.7224},
	url = {https://batnajms.net/wp-content/uploads/Archives/2020/2/24_BJMS_7_2_Hadef.pdf},
	author = {Hadef, Djohra and Samy Slimani}
}
@article {article,
	title = {Effects of 1 hour postload plasma glucose greater than 1.55 g/L combinations with normal glycemia profiles after an OGTT in obese women},
	journal = {Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)},
	volume = {7},
	number = {2},
	year = {2020},
	month = {11},
	pages = {87-91},
	abstract = {
	Introduction. Des {\'e}tudes ont fait {\'e}merger l{\textquoteright}existence de risque de pr{\'e}diab{\`e}te chez les patients qui ont une combinaison, profil glyc{\'e}mique normal et une glyc{\'e}mie {\`a} 1 heure sup{\'e}rieure {\`a} 1,55 g/L. Nous avons {\'e}tudi{\'e} les effets des combinaisons glyc{\'e}mie 1 heure (Gly 1h) apr{\`e}s une hyperglyc{\'e}mie provoqu{\'e}e par voie orale HGPO avec un profil glyc{\'e}mique normal. M{\'e}thode. Une HGPO standardis{\'e}e a {\'e}t{\'e} r{\'e}alis{\'e}e chez 100 femmes ob{\`e}ses. 46 avaient un profil glyc{\'e}mique normal. Une GAJ \&lt;1,00 g/L et une glyc{\'e}mie {\`a} 2 heures, Gly 2h \&lt;1,40 g/L. Elles {\'e}taient class{\'e}es en deux groupes. Le groupe 1 (G1) ayant une GAJ \&lt;1,00 g/L, subdivis{\'e} en (G1a) ayant une Gly 1h \&lt;1,55 g/L et G1b ayant une Gly 1h >= {\`a} 1,55 g/L. Le groupe 2 (G2) avec une Gly 2h \&lt;1,40 g/L, subdivis{\'e} en (G2a) ayant une Gly 1h \&lt;1,55 g/L et (G2b) ayant une Gly 1h >=1,55 g/L. Les tests de sensibilit{\'e} {\textendash} sp{\'e}cificit{\'e} et l{\textquoteright}Odds ratio ont {\'e}t{\'e} calcul{\'e}s {\`a} la recherche d{\textquoteright}{\'e}ventuelles corr{\'e}lations.



	R{\'e}sultats. Une corr{\'e}lation tr{\`e}s significative existait entre la Gly 1h >=1,55 g/L chez les sous-groupes G1b (n=11, p=0,0001) et G2b (n=11, p=0,0007) et la valeur de 1,55 g/L. Cette valeur est hautement sp{\'e}cifique (sp{\'e}cificit{\'e} 0,79) et moins sensible (sensibilit{\'e} 0,64-0,54). L{\textquoteright}Odds ratio {\'e}tait de [G1b=5,85 et G2b=3,41].



	Conclusion. La Gly 1h {\`a} la valeur seuil de 1,55 g/L peut mieux mettre en {\'e}vidence des profils glyc{\'e}miques {\`a} risque cardiom{\'e}tabolique.

},
	doi = {10.48087/BJMSoa.2020.7205},
	url = {https://batnajms.net/wp-content/uploads/Archives/2020/2/05_BJMS_7_2_Guedjati_1.pdf},
	author = {Mohamed Ridha Guedjati and Boukebbal Maamar and Hocine Gacem and Ahmane Amel and Taibi Adeila and Hebboul Ghania and Gasmi Dhikra and Lachekhab Khaoula and Djebabra Asma and Benadjrouda Samira}
}
@article {article,
	title = {Early detection of glycemia disorders using one-hour post load plasma glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test},
	journal = {Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)},
	volume = {7},
	number = {2},
	year = {2020},
	month = {11},
	pages = {148-150},
	abstract = {
	L{\textquoteright}hyperglyc{\'e}mie provoqu{\'e}e par voie orale (HGPO) est indiqu{\'e}e et effectu{\'e}e chez les patients pour lesquels on suspecte des anomalies du m{\'e}tabolisme du glucose. Les crit{\`e}res de diagnostic du diab{\`e}te sont assez codifi{\'e}s. Cependant l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tat pr{\'e}diab{\'e}tique est associ{\'e} {\`a} une perturbation moins prononc{\'e}e de la glyc{\'e}mie {\`a} jeun et/ou de celle apr{\`e}s 2 heures. Pour r{\'e}aliser une HGPO, il faut mesurer la glyc{\'e}mie avant l{\textquoteright}administration de 75 g glucose et deux heures apr{\`e}s. Des pr{\'e}l{\`e}vements {\`a} 30, 60 et 90 minutes sont souvent r{\'e}alis{\'e}s en plus des deux pr{\'e}l{\`e}vements des temps obligatoires. Depuis quelques ann{\'e}es, la mesure de la glyc{\'e}mie 60 minutes apr{\`e}s l{\textquoteright}administration de 75 g de glucose, est devenue une pratique de plus en plus courante. Cette pratique semble {\^e}tre plus fiable en post HGPO chez des sujets dont le profil glyc{\'e}mique normal et qui ont une glyc{\'e}mie {\`a} 60 minutes sup{\'e}rieure ou {\'e}gale {\`a} la valeur de 1,55 g/L.

},
	doi = {10.48087/BJMSra.2020.7218},
	url = {https://batnajms.net/wp-content/uploads/Archives/2020/2/18_BJMS_7_2_guedjati_2.pdf},
	author = {Mohamed-Ridha  Guedjati}
}
@article {article,
	title = {Etoposide-based therapy for severe forms of COVID-19},
	journal = {Medical Hypotheses},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2020},
	month = {05},
	pages = {109826},
	abstract = {
	The new coronavirus infection COVID-19 has quickly become a global health emergency. Mortality is principally due to severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) which relays only on supportive treatment. Numerous pathological, clinical and laboratory findings rise the similarity between moderate to severe COVID-19 and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Etoposide-based protocol including dexametasone is the standard of care for secondary HLH. The protocol has been successfully used in HLHs that are secondary to EBV and H1N1 infections by inducing complete response and prolonged survival. These observations prompt to consider this cytotoxic therapy in HLH associated to moderately severe to severe forms of COVID-19.

},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109826},
	author = {Kamel Hamizi and Aouidane, Souhila and Ghania Belaaloui}
}
