@article {4906,
	title = {Bidirectional deep architecture for Arabic speech recognition.e,  e-ISSN  2299-1093},
	journal = { Open Computer Science},
	volume = {9},
	number = {1},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {pp. 92-102},
	abstract = {Nowadays, the real life constraints necessitates controlling modern machines using human intervention by means of sensorial organs. The voice is one of the human senses that can control/monitor modern interfaces. In this context, Automatic Speech Recognition is principally used to convert natural voice into computer text as well as to perform an action based on the instructions given by the human. In this paper, we propose a general framework for Arabic speech recognition that uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Neural Network (Multi-Layer Perceptron: MLP) classifier to cope with the nonuniform sequence length of the speech utterances issued fromboth feature extraction techniques, (1)Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients MFCC (static and dynamic features), (2) the Filter Banks (FB) coefficients. The neural architecture can recognize the isolated Arabic speech via classification technique. The proposed system involves, first, extracting pertinent features from the natural speech signal using MFCC (static and dynamic features) and FB. Next, the extracted features are padded in order to deal with the non-uniformity of the sequences length. Then, a deep architecture represented by a recurrent LSTM or GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) architectures are used to encode the sequences of MFCC/FB features as a fixed size vector that will be introduced to a Multi-Layer Perceptron network (MLP) to perform the classification (recognition). The proposed system is assessed using two different databases, the first one concerns the spoken digit recognition where a comparison with other related works in the literature is performed, whereas the second one contains the spoken TV commands. The obtained results show the superiority of the proposed approach.},
	url = {https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/comp.2019.9.issue-1/comp-2019-0004/comp-2019-0004.xml},
	author = {Zerari Naima and Abdelhamid Samir and Bouzgou Hassen and Raymond Christian}
}
